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The blues were born right here
in the Mississippi delta.

2
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John Lee Hooker, Muddy Waters,
BB King, Jessie Mae Hemphill,

3
00:00:16,521 --> 00:00:20,665
I can't see 'em anymore,
but their spirit lives on,

4
00:00:20,905 --> 00:00:21,984
right here.

5
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I can lose myself in music.

6
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Hear it?

7
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I feel it,

8
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and it transports me to
another time and place.

9
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Some would call it a
religious experience.

10
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Can't say that I disagree.

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Makes me think of the all the
ways people around the world

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connect to God.

13
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Moses saw God in a bush.

14
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Buddha found enlightenment
under a tree.

15
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Muhammad experienced
Allah on a mountain.

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Is there some universal
concept of God that

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all religions share?

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Or,

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is God fundamentally different
to people of different faiths?

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I'm setting out to discover

21
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who God is.

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God wants to be
your best friend.

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To find out

24
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how believers around the
world see the divine.

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The holy people are
around us, right now.

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I'll explore how the
identity of God

27
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has changed over the millennia.

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He thought that there
were too many Gods,

29
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and not enough focus was on him.

30
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I'll learn how many
Gods merged into one.

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It's a single force that gives
order into our whole world.

32
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And, I'll search for
the presence of God...

33
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So, you're looking for physical
manifestations of God?

34
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Yes.

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Inside my brain.

36
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I grew up with the
Christian concept of God,

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a single, divine being who created
and governs the universe.

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Of Jesus as God's
earthly incarnation.

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I know that's not the way
everyone sees the divine.

40
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I want to know how other
religions see God.

41
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So, I'm going to India.

42
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To Hindus,

43
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there's not one God,
there are millions.

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Busy little thoroughfare.

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In the holy city of Varanasi,
I'm meeting historian,

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Binda Paranjape, to find out
how Hindus see their Gods.

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At every corner of the lane,

48
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and just you'll see anywhere,
and you'll see a shrine.

49
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And no corner they can leave
without having a God there.

50
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So like, we have got this
small little shrine here,

51
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and it has got that elephant
headed God, Ganesha.

52
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Ganesha?

53
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Yeah, it's a God who
removes obstacles.

54
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Removes obstacles?

55
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Yeah.

56
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Hindu deities come
in many forms.

57
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Some are male.

58
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Some female.

59
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Some are part
human, part animal.

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Each one has its
specific powers.

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So, she's the
Goddess of disease.

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-So we...
-Disease?

63
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Yeah, so when you're diseased,

64
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your body gets inflamed,
then you invoke her

65
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and she sends the cool breeze,
and the body gets cool.

66
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All right,

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here's a question for you.

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You've got a choice of how many?

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-Millions of them.
-Millions of Gods.

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How do you choose?

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00:04:36,748 --> 00:04:38,220
Usually, it's the family.

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The family, each family
has got one family deity,

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and that is passed on
to the next generation.

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Or, sometimes, in the
times of distress,

75
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one goes to a God and
say, or Goddess,

76
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that, 'please take me out
of this difficult time,'

77
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and forever I'll worship
you as my personal God,

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'or Goddess.'

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I'm interested in
finding out how

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these statues become
vessels for divine beings,

81
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how Hindus connect
to their Gods.

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So, Binda is taking me to
an intimate prayer ritual.

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Yeah, can you hear these chants,

84
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which are going on?

85
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Uh-hm, yeah.

86
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They're chanting the chants
for invoking the Goddess.

87
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So, now we are going
to be blessed.

88
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This prayer ceremony
is dedicated

89
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to the Goddess, Lalitha.

90
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And so, this is Lalitha here,

91
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this is her physical
representation?

92
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What kind of God is she?

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She was created to kill a demon,

94
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and that is the power
of the virgin,

95
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this 16 year old woman.

96
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She's a virgin?

97
00:06:03,594 --> 00:06:06,286
Yeah, so all the potential
is still in her,

98
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so she has got the highest
form of energy in her.

99
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And she gives that
power to others

100
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to fight against their demon.

101
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So, what they're doing is
that they're invoking the

102
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Goddess' one thousand names

103
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and with every name, they
will offer her the flowers.

104
00:06:38,836 --> 00:06:42,095
So, anything, any syllable
that we'll pronounce

105
00:06:42,443 --> 00:06:46,551
goes to the Goddess so, by
saying these thousand words,

106
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you have almost got all
the possible syllables

107
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that you could have uttered.

108
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So you can invoke her with
just about any syllable.

109
00:06:53,623 --> 00:06:57,580
The Goddess is a form a
speech, the human sound,

110
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and the world is supposed to have
been created out of these rhythms.

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For her devotees, Lalitha exists in the
rhythmic energy of their chanting.

112
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A divine energy that
powers their lives.

113
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Anyway, the Goddess
has blessed you,

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that she has invited here,

115
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believe me.

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I believe you.

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Seeing this ceremony
really helps me understand

118
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what God means to Hindus.

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Behind all the Gods,
Binda tells me,

120
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there is a single divine
energy that believers

121
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seek to tap into.

122
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They say that it's
just a principle,

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it's like pure energy form,

124
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which is neither a male or a
female, or having any name.

125
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So they are just given
one name, Brahman.

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So, in the Western church,

127
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in Christianity, Judaism,
even Islam, there is one God,

128
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it's just, it's pure energy.

129
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There is no name you
could put to him.

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There's no face you
can put to him.

131
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There's nothing you can touch.

132
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Can we make a comparison there?

133
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Yeah, it's like the
tree having the trunk,

134
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and then the branches
and leaves also.

135
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We have the shade tree
of Brahma, right?

136
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Okay.

137
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Yeah, so beautiful,

138
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this is really nicely described.

139
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Thank you, all right,
how about some lunch?

140
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You game for that?

141
00:09:00,521 --> 00:09:04,428
Right, and we can invoke Gods
for giving us good lunch.

142
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I like the way believers here

143
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find Gods that best
suit their own beliefs.

144
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It's like a spiritual
fingerprint,

145
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unique to each person.

146
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It's unlike the
monotheism of the west.

147
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But,

148
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maybe that's only
on the surface.

149
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On the surface,

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Hinduism looks like a
religion of many Gods.

151
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But underneath the surface,

152
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there is a single divine energy.

153
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So, why do some
cultures see many Gods

154
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and some only one?

155
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Where did the idea of
worshipping a single God

156
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first take root?

157
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Perhaps it began here,

158
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Stonehenge,

159
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Britain's iconic, 5,000
year old monument.

160
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The culture that built Stonehenge
had to endure long, cold winters.

161
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Their survival depended
on plentiful crops,

162
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so it would make sense to
focus on the single source

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of energy that
drove all of that,

164
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the sun.

165
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An archaeological team is
uncovering new evidence that

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may reveal the beliefs of the
people who once lived here.

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We're going to look at the ditch

168
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and the interior, here.

169
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Vince Gaffney and Paul Garwood

170
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have been studying a
giant, C-shaped enclosure,

171
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less than two miles
away from Stonehenge.

172
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The enclosure, called
Durrington Walls,

173
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was built around
4,500 years ago,

174
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and appears to be aligned so its
opening faces the rising sun

175
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on the mid-winter's day.

176
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This is a ground-penetrating
radar device.

177
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But what interests
Vince and Paul

178
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is the remains of an older
monument they found

179
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buried underneath it.

180
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The radar

181
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located a series of
very large features.

182
00:11:31,362 --> 00:11:34,034
There's a long arc of stones,

183
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or large buried features
underneath the bank.

184
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So they've remained undetected,

185
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effectively, for several
thousand years.

186
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The hidden rocks are massive.

187
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Each of them as tall as two men.

188
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They also form part of
a C-shaped monument,

189
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but the direction this
C faces is different

190
00:12:01,497 --> 00:12:04,586
from the orientation of
the mound that buries it.

191
00:12:05,377 --> 00:12:07,245
There was an earlier monument

192
00:12:07,815 --> 00:12:10,918
of a very different
form on this site.

193
00:12:11,883 --> 00:12:13,942
It was looking
towards beacon hill

194
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with this dramatic line of hills
to the east, which is a dominant,

195
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topographic feature
in this area,

196
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and certainly must have had
significance at the time.

197
00:12:23,948 --> 00:12:25,471
Vince and Paul

198
00:12:25,623 --> 00:12:29,478
think the original monument
may be older than Stonehenge.

199
00:12:30,088 --> 00:12:32,897
They don't know what its
alignment to the hills meant.

200
00:12:33,437 --> 00:12:36,414
Perhaps the hills were
revered as divine,

201
00:12:36,594 --> 00:12:39,033
or were associated
with ancestors.

202
00:12:40,759 --> 00:12:43,001
But after the ancient
Britons built the iconic

203
00:12:43,062 --> 00:12:44,882
stone circle at Stonehenge...

204
00:12:50,808 --> 00:12:54,190
They demolished the old
stones at Durrington Walls,

205
00:12:55,039 --> 00:12:57,463
and made a new mound,
faced the same direction

206
00:12:57,524 --> 00:13:01,202
as Stonehenge, toward the
rising, mid-winter sun.

207
00:13:02,820 --> 00:13:04,052
They've been pushed over,

208
00:13:04,121 --> 00:13:06,091
and the bank of the
later Henge monument

209
00:13:06,152 --> 00:13:08,831
has actually been
placed on top of them.

210
00:13:09,774 --> 00:13:12,394
It moved in its orientation.

211
00:13:12,455 --> 00:13:14,473
It's form changed,

212
00:13:14,646 --> 00:13:17,069
and presumably, to some
extent, its function.

213
00:13:17,721 --> 00:13:19,632
The creation of
Stonehenge itself,

214
00:13:20,044 --> 00:13:22,594
and the building of
the new architecture,

215
00:13:22,655 --> 00:13:25,855
Durrington Walls, suggest
a shift towards a greater

216
00:13:25,916 --> 00:13:29,812
emphasis on the sun as the
main focus of worship

217
00:13:30,372 --> 00:13:31,948
and religious interest.

218
00:13:33,484 --> 00:13:36,149
The builders were trying to
establish a very particular

219
00:13:36,210 --> 00:13:37,388
connection with summer.

220
00:13:43,294 --> 00:13:45,998
The people of Stonehenge
may have been the first

221
00:13:46,059 --> 00:13:49,130
to worship the sun as a
single, all-powerful God.

222
00:13:50,368 --> 00:13:53,748
But in focusing on the sun, I
wonder if they lost something.

223
00:13:55,273 --> 00:14:00,048
When the Gods were ancestors,
or rivers, or mountains,

224
00:14:00,945 --> 00:14:02,678
they were much more accessible,

225
00:14:03,448 --> 00:14:06,018
easier to connect
to, to speak to.

226
00:14:06,884 --> 00:14:09,344
How do you speak to a
God that's so remote?

227
00:14:12,790 --> 00:14:14,168
I hope to find the answer

228
00:14:16,114 --> 00:14:18,907
at my next destination, Egypt.

229
00:14:19,637 --> 00:14:22,933
More than a thousand years
after Stonehenge was built,

230
00:14:23,234 --> 00:14:26,725
an Egyptian man also decided
to worship the sun.

231
00:14:33,811 --> 00:14:36,095
His idea was considered
so dangerous,

232
00:14:36,581 --> 00:14:39,924
that his memory was nearly wiped
from the face of the earth.

233
00:14:41,586 --> 00:14:42,591
Thank you very much.

234
00:14:43,252 --> 00:14:45,702
Today, just a few
mementos of his life

235
00:14:45,763 --> 00:14:47,713
remain at the Cairo museum.

236
00:14:49,246 --> 00:14:50,018
Hey!

237
00:14:50,395 --> 00:14:51,323
Oh, there you are!

238
00:14:51,384 --> 00:14:52,577
-Hello.
-Hello.

239
00:14:54,599 --> 00:14:56,784
Amid the remains of
dozens of Pharaohs,

240
00:14:57,082 --> 00:14:59,491
Egyptologist, Salima Ikram

241
00:14:59,795 --> 00:15:04,237
is going to help me find one
whose name is Akhenaten.

242
00:15:12,422 --> 00:15:13,512
There he is.

243
00:15:14,852 --> 00:15:15,784
Akhenaten.

244
00:15:15,845 --> 00:15:16,376
Yeah,

245
00:15:18,734 --> 00:15:21,609
he thought that there were
too many Gods and not enough

246
00:15:21,842 --> 00:15:23,199
focus was on him.

247
00:15:23,461 --> 00:15:26,476
'There were needs to
be an important God,

248
00:15:26,730 --> 00:15:28,663
whom only I can channel.'

249
00:15:28,833 --> 00:15:29,905
So, he changed things.

250
00:15:29,966 --> 00:15:30,744
Radically.

251
00:15:30,815 --> 00:15:34,045
He, basically, closed
down most of the temples,

252
00:15:34,118 --> 00:15:38,212
said that, 'there is a special
God, the Sun God, the Aten,'

253
00:15:38,630 --> 00:15:42,290
and that, 'you can worship
the Aten, through me.'

254
00:15:42,647 --> 00:15:45,429
And that didn't go over too
well with a few people?

255
00:15:45,669 --> 00:15:49,744
No, no, that was not a very
popular move, because, of course,

256
00:15:49,805 --> 00:15:53,532
all the priests of the other
important Gods were shut down.

257
00:15:58,229 --> 00:16:00,675
Around the year 1350 BC,

258
00:16:00,765 --> 00:16:04,330
Akhenaten declared the sun
would be Egypt's only God.

259
00:16:06,029 --> 00:16:10,346
In doing so, he would found the
first faith in recorded history

260
00:16:10,634 --> 00:16:11,794
with a single deity.

261
00:16:14,645 --> 00:16:16,351
But it would not last.

262
00:16:18,650 --> 00:16:22,797
As soon as he died, the old
priesthood struck back.

263
00:16:23,421 --> 00:16:26,589
This piece has been hacked
away, as you can tell.

264
00:16:26,650 --> 00:16:30,242
You can see how the name
of the king is hacked out.

265
00:16:31,042 --> 00:16:33,443
The name of the Aten
is also attacked.

266
00:16:34,365 --> 00:16:37,201
Everything there is chip, chip,
chip, chip, chip, chip chip, chip,

267
00:16:37,262 --> 00:16:39,496
and it's gone away,
because of...

268
00:16:39,557 --> 00:16:40,795
Destroyed, they just destroyed

269
00:16:41,372 --> 00:16:42,125
his memories...

270
00:16:42,621 --> 00:16:43,350
The best they could.

271
00:16:44,288 --> 00:16:48,343
Akhenaten hoped his son
would continue this legacy,

272
00:16:48,746 --> 00:16:51,838
but his son was only nine years
old when he took the throne.

273
00:16:52,383 --> 00:16:55,178
His name was, Tutankhamen.

274
00:17:01,092 --> 00:17:04,589
Here is the coffin
of king Tutankhamen.

275
00:17:08,266 --> 00:17:10,543
The most famous Pharaoh.

276
00:17:10,702 --> 00:17:11,247
Absolutely.

277
00:17:11,308 --> 00:17:14,181
But he took the
throne at age nine?

278
00:17:14,839 --> 00:17:17,496
Nine to nineteen,
only ten short years.

279
00:17:17,557 --> 00:17:18,423
Ten short years?

280
00:17:18,997 --> 00:17:20,964
I would imagine that
a nine-year-old

281
00:17:21,025 --> 00:17:23,099
taking the throne
would be under the

282
00:17:23,780 --> 00:17:28,059
thumb of the old guys who would
say, 'look, we can't keep this up,

283
00:17:28,176 --> 00:17:29,980
we got to go back
to what works.'

284
00:17:30,041 --> 00:17:31,273
Yeah, absolutely.

285
00:17:31,750 --> 00:17:35,427
He did what he was told,
probably, and effectively,

286
00:17:35,693 --> 00:17:39,151
his reign sort of knocked
out Akhenaten's reign,

287
00:17:39,864 --> 00:17:42,439
and we have a return
to the religion.

288
00:17:43,534 --> 00:17:45,141
Right, to the Gods.

289
00:17:45,303 --> 00:17:47,944
The old Gods are
back in full force.

290
00:17:48,973 --> 00:17:50,269
Tutankhamun's priests

291
00:17:50,723 --> 00:17:53,766
erased Akhenaten's
monotheistic religion

292
00:17:54,192 --> 00:17:57,289
and tried to erase
him from history.

293
00:17:59,089 --> 00:18:00,120
Here we go.

294
00:18:00,912 --> 00:18:03,873
This is Akhenaten's sarcophagus.

295
00:18:04,021 --> 00:18:05,243
This is his sarcophagus?

296
00:18:05,370 --> 00:18:08,581
Or, what's left of it, because
it's all smashed to pieces.

297
00:18:08,847 --> 00:18:10,957
Well, that's what you get,

298
00:18:11,391 --> 00:18:13,009
trying to change the world.

299
00:18:14,105 --> 00:18:15,571
Well, the poor thing didn't

300
00:18:16,251 --> 00:18:18,406
manage to change
it for very long.

301
00:18:19,337 --> 00:18:21,994
Do not fool around
with the Gods.

302
00:18:28,046 --> 00:18:33,349
Well, Akhenaten's experiment
in monotheism failed.

303
00:18:34,423 --> 00:18:37,321
But I can't help wondering
if what happened,

304
00:18:37,969 --> 00:18:42,816
oh, around 1300 BC, didn't influence
the beginning of another religion.

305
00:18:43,554 --> 00:18:46,360
But it was here on the
banks of the Nile

306
00:18:46,593 --> 00:18:48,178
that Jewish tradition says,

307
00:18:48,239 --> 00:18:50,248
Moses was found among
the bulrushes.

308
00:18:50,402 --> 00:18:51,910
And from that period,

309
00:18:52,343 --> 00:18:54,631
belief in a single
God began to spread

310
00:18:55,779 --> 00:18:56,791
around the world.

311
00:18:59,544 --> 00:19:02,320
How did the belief of a
small band of Israelites

312
00:19:02,380 --> 00:19:04,214
spread so far and wide?

313
00:19:05,316 --> 00:19:08,696
Today, almost 4 billion Muslims,

314
00:19:09,020 --> 00:19:15,130
Christians and Jews worship
the same, single God.

315
00:19:15,693 --> 00:19:17,894
What was so special
about this God?

316
00:19:25,095 --> 00:19:27,386
I'm travelling around
the world to find out

317
00:19:27,447 --> 00:19:30,254
how people of different
faiths connect to the divine.

318
00:19:31,471 --> 00:19:35,563
And uncovering how our
ideas of who God is

319
00:19:35,721 --> 00:19:37,459
have evolved over the millennia.

320
00:19:41,105 --> 00:19:43,505
My quest brings me to Jerusalem,

321
00:19:44,047 --> 00:19:46,126
because half the
people on the planet

322
00:19:46,428 --> 00:19:49,164
can trace their God
to this ancient city.

323
00:19:50,538 --> 00:19:53,430
It was here, around
3,000 years ago,

324
00:19:53,627 --> 00:19:57,508
that believe in a single,
all-powerful deity took root.

325
00:19:59,262 --> 00:20:02,094
I meet Jewish
philosopher, Yoram Hazony

326
00:20:02,220 --> 00:20:06,144
to find out how one God
won out over many.

327
00:20:07,282 --> 00:20:09,428
This is the old city,
old Jerusalem.

328
00:20:09,489 --> 00:20:10,893
The old city of Jerusalem,

329
00:20:11,440 --> 00:20:13,830
and stores like this have
been lining these streets

330
00:20:13,891 --> 00:20:15,269
for thousands of years.

331
00:20:15,902 --> 00:20:17,620
Except, you know, that
thousands of years ago,

332
00:20:17,681 --> 00:20:18,782
they actually sold idols.

333
00:20:19,189 --> 00:20:22,198
Like representations of Gods,
like little figurines.

334
00:20:22,489 --> 00:20:25,441
In fact, there's an
old rabbinic story

335
00:20:25,793 --> 00:20:27,141
from about the time
of the Talmud,

336
00:20:27,436 --> 00:20:30,914
that Abraham's father
was a idol shop owner.

337
00:20:31,769 --> 00:20:34,934
So, these idols, what
were these Gods for?

338
00:20:34,995 --> 00:20:37,251
So, the Gods, they represent,

339
00:20:37,407 --> 00:20:39,939
in the old pagan
religions, they represent

340
00:20:40,213 --> 00:20:42,579
anything that a human
being could want or need.

341
00:20:42,805 --> 00:20:44,588
There's a God that
brings the rain.

342
00:20:47,702 --> 00:20:48,742
Just a rain God.

343
00:20:48,912 --> 00:20:51,728
You want victory on the battlefield,
so there's a God of war.

344
00:20:55,218 --> 00:20:56,480
But you would have to figure out

345
00:20:56,541 --> 00:20:58,300
how you're gonna please
all the different Gods

346
00:20:58,361 --> 00:20:59,514
and get what you wanted
from them, wouldn't you?

347
00:20:59,575 --> 00:21:00,201
Right, exactly.

348
00:21:00,350 --> 00:21:02,992
So some of those Gods, all they
want is like, you know, a party.

349
00:21:03,680 --> 00:21:06,440
They want wine and song,
and some good food.

350
00:21:06,501 --> 00:21:07,786
That's not such a bad thing.

351
00:21:08,405 --> 00:21:10,948
But, some of those Gods
demanded bloodshed.

352
00:21:13,574 --> 00:21:15,123
So, 'you want something from me,

353
00:21:15,184 --> 00:21:16,347
here it is', I want
something from you.

354
00:21:16,408 --> 00:21:17,928
'I want you to sacrifice
your son,' or something.

355
00:21:17,989 --> 00:21:18,877
Okay, all right, all
right, all right.

356
00:21:18,983 --> 00:21:21,606
How do I get now,
from the rain God,

357
00:21:21,667 --> 00:21:24,737
I got a God of fire,
to one I can't see,

358
00:21:24,798 --> 00:21:28,114
I can't touch, I don't
know for sure is there?

359
00:21:28,181 --> 00:21:30,334
Well, that's what this story
about Abraham is about.

360
00:21:30,430 --> 00:21:33,469
Abraham looks around at
all these different Gods.

361
00:21:33,569 --> 00:21:35,565
There's gotta be
one set of rules.

362
00:21:35,822 --> 00:21:37,561
One set of laws of nature,

363
00:21:37,622 --> 00:21:41,353
one set of laws of morals that
apply to all human beings.

364
00:21:41,772 --> 00:21:43,369
So, what does he do?
Where's he gonna go?

365
00:21:43,430 --> 00:21:45,318
All right, let's take a walk
and I'll show you, come on.

366
00:21:45,379 --> 00:21:46,131
Okay, all right.

367
00:21:51,908 --> 00:21:55,085
So, right here, we're
looking at the absolute

368
00:21:55,319 --> 00:21:57,283
centre of the religious world.

369
00:21:57,643 --> 00:21:59,192
This is it. This is the place.

370
00:22:03,186 --> 00:22:05,643
We have, over there,
the dome of the rock.

371
00:22:07,617 --> 00:22:09,186
Over there, Al-Aqsa mosque.

372
00:22:10,079 --> 00:22:11,368
The Mount of Olives.

373
00:22:12,326 --> 00:22:13,999
And the Valley of Gethsemane.

374
00:22:15,089 --> 00:22:17,286
And down below,
the Western Wall,

375
00:22:17,347 --> 00:22:20,085
the holiest prayer
shrine of Judaism.

376
00:22:21,272 --> 00:22:22,042
Why here?

377
00:22:22,226 --> 00:22:23,832
For one reason exactly.

378
00:22:29,288 --> 00:22:33,184
When Abraham almost
sacrificed his son, Isaac,

379
00:22:33,646 --> 00:22:35,948
it took place right up
there on that spot.

380
00:22:38,521 --> 00:22:40,066
Now, let's remember,

381
00:22:40,575 --> 00:22:44,774
Abraham's surrounded by idolaters who
were sacrificing their children.

382
00:22:45,396 --> 00:22:46,563
Murdering their own children.

383
00:22:46,663 --> 00:22:49,548
Abraham thought that
he was following

384
00:22:49,609 --> 00:22:53,422
God's commandments by taking
Isaac up there and...

385
00:22:53,803 --> 00:22:55,035
But God says to him,

386
00:22:58,702 --> 00:23:00,444
'you're not gonna
touch your son.

387
00:23:00,631 --> 00:23:01,809
Not this time,

388
00:23:02,374 --> 00:23:03,618
not for all time.'

389
00:23:06,283 --> 00:23:07,585
'There's one God,'

390
00:23:07,972 --> 00:23:10,988
and he says, 'you are not gonna
sacrifice another child ever again.'

391
00:23:11,468 --> 00:23:13,640
And commemorating
that 'never again'

392
00:23:14,026 --> 00:23:16,626
is the reason that the Jews
built the temple here,

393
00:23:16,687 --> 00:23:19,929
and from there, Judaism and Christianity
make this the holiest place

394
00:23:19,990 --> 00:23:21,037
in the history of the world.

395
00:23:23,063 --> 00:23:24,912
That brings up a question though.
This is...

396
00:23:25,580 --> 00:23:31,352
an invisible God, there's no way that you
can make some approximation of him.

397
00:23:31,413 --> 00:23:32,612
Right, there's no idols.

398
00:23:32,783 --> 00:23:35,835
It's a single force
that gives order,

399
00:23:35,896 --> 00:23:39,104
the physical order and the
moral order to all of mankind

400
00:23:39,165 --> 00:23:40,269
and to our whole world.

401
00:23:40,797 --> 00:23:43,861
There's no representation,
'cause he's not a local power.

402
00:23:44,460 --> 00:23:47,707
Temples to the single, Jewish
God stood on this spot

403
00:23:47,768 --> 00:23:49,842
for almost a thousand years.

404
00:23:50,161 --> 00:23:54,497
Until the Romans destroyed the
one that was standing in 70 AD.

405
00:23:54,903 --> 00:23:57,375
But that destruction did
not end this faith.

406
00:23:58,468 --> 00:24:00,426
The one incredible thing
about this is that

407
00:24:01,277 --> 00:24:03,070
the one invisible God

408
00:24:03,143 --> 00:24:05,186
that's beyond all things,
it turns out that,

409
00:24:05,479 --> 00:24:08,018
you know, when you destroy the
temple to that one God...

410
00:24:08,078 --> 00:24:09,151
You don't destroy the God.

411
00:24:09,212 --> 00:24:10,349
You don't destroy the God.

412
00:24:10,410 --> 00:24:13,093
It turns out, he's just as
much there as he was before.

413
00:24:13,154 --> 00:24:14,057
And that's well put.

414
00:24:15,205 --> 00:24:16,088
It's understandable.

415
00:24:18,175 --> 00:24:20,894
The God of Abraham was a
God you could commune with

416
00:24:20,955 --> 00:24:23,431
without any temples,
without idols.

417
00:24:24,841 --> 00:24:27,677
For Jews, and also for
Christians and Muslims,

418
00:24:28,097 --> 00:24:30,307
this invisible God
is always with them,

419
00:24:30,367 --> 00:24:33,057
no matter when or where
they turn to him.

420
00:24:35,105 --> 00:24:38,891
It's truly amazing that
three of the world's

421
00:24:38,964 --> 00:24:42,584
great faiths exist in
such close proximity.

422
00:24:43,834 --> 00:24:47,385
All worshipping one
God, the same God,

423
00:24:48,285 --> 00:24:50,981
a God who has survived
calamities from

424
00:24:51,042 --> 00:24:56,213
the destruction of the holy
temple to religious violence.

425
00:24:58,628 --> 00:25:02,143
But how do you connect with a
God who has no physical form?

426
00:25:12,976 --> 00:25:16,266
How do you know what's
divine and what isn't?

427
00:25:20,658 --> 00:25:22,911
I have decided to
return to Cairo

428
00:25:22,972 --> 00:25:26,520
to try and understand
who God is to Muslims.

429
00:25:27,190 --> 00:25:30,264
Islam believes in the same
God as Jews and Christians,

430
00:25:31,004 --> 00:25:33,425
but I wanna know if
there are differences

431
00:25:33,486 --> 00:25:35,317
in how they think
about the divine.

432
00:25:39,236 --> 00:25:41,797
Historian of Islam, Ahmed Ragab

433
00:25:41,986 --> 00:25:44,548
has brought me to the
Al-Hussein mosque.

434
00:25:47,010 --> 00:25:50,187
And you can just come in here,
just like a catholic church?

435
00:25:50,440 --> 00:25:51,794
So it always open for prayer.

436
00:25:51,861 --> 00:25:52,341
Yeah.

437
00:25:52,460 --> 00:25:54,073
If you wanna come in here and

438
00:25:54,351 --> 00:25:57,676
just hang out with
yourself and Allah?

439
00:25:57,737 --> 00:25:58,982
Yeah, absolutely.

440
00:25:59,965 --> 00:26:02,855
I'm just in time to hear
what Muslims believe

441
00:26:03,068 --> 00:26:06,054
is one of the most beautiful
sounds in the world,

442
00:26:06,662 --> 00:26:08,035
the call to prayer.

443
00:26:25,610 --> 00:26:26,641
For the faithful,

444
00:26:26,948 --> 00:26:28,568
the song of the muezzin

445
00:26:28,884 --> 00:26:31,375
is a manifestation
of God himself.

446
00:26:40,623 --> 00:26:45,154
So that the end of the prayer is
by saying, 'as-salaam-alaikum'

447
00:26:45,215 --> 00:26:48,003
much like you end an
encounter with anybody.

448
00:26:48,208 --> 00:26:50,419
And it is because the
prayer is, essentially,

449
00:26:50,604 --> 00:26:51,894
a meeting with God,

450
00:26:52,245 --> 00:26:52,837
the function is goodbye.

451
00:26:52,898 --> 00:26:55,406
Like, 'hey,' you know, 'see you
later, nice talking to you.'

452
00:26:56,665 --> 00:26:57,740
Exactly, see you the next time.

453
00:27:01,618 --> 00:27:03,003
Prayer to Allah

454
00:27:03,064 --> 00:27:05,634
seems like a conversation
with a person.

455
00:27:07,857 --> 00:27:10,798
But how do you speak to a
person who has no human form?

456
00:27:12,195 --> 00:27:13,874
To help me understand,

457
00:27:14,114 --> 00:27:18,419
Ahmed has arranged a meeting with
the mosque's spiritual leader,

458
00:27:18,698 --> 00:27:21,227
Imam Al-Amir Mahfouz.

459
00:27:21,605 --> 00:27:23,914
Thank you so much for
speaking with us.

460
00:27:24,034 --> 00:27:24,801
Welcome.

461
00:27:25,208 --> 00:27:27,651
In the Christian religion,

462
00:27:27,902 --> 00:27:30,365
God is so manifested,

463
00:27:31,054 --> 00:27:35,091
but there is no such
thing in Islam.

464
00:27:35,403 --> 00:27:36,911
So, who am I talking to?

465
00:27:37,247 --> 00:27:38,582
Do I envision anything?

466
00:27:48,758 --> 00:27:50,295
You cannot imagine God.

467
00:27:50,580 --> 00:27:52,451
God is beyond imagination.

468
00:27:52,512 --> 00:27:53,967
Whatever you would imagine

469
00:27:54,282 --> 00:27:56,801
with our human minds, God
would be different from it.

470
00:27:57,674 --> 00:28:04,003
One of the most
haunting and beautiful

471
00:28:04,370 --> 00:28:09,516
sounds in the world is the
Muslim call to prayer.

472
00:28:09,786 --> 00:28:12,865
What is the origin of that?

473
00:28:13,149 --> 00:28:15,286
It is said that
one of Muhammad's

474
00:28:15,354 --> 00:28:19,549
companions had a vision
while he was asleep,

475
00:28:19,610 --> 00:28:22,038
where he heard this
call for prayer.

476
00:28:22,098 --> 00:28:23,427
And then, when he woke up,

477
00:28:23,488 --> 00:28:25,252
he went to Muhammad and
told him about it.

478
00:28:25,509 --> 00:28:27,908
And he's made it
into this ritual

479
00:28:28,042 --> 00:28:33,081
of using it to call for prayers
every day, five times every day.

480
00:28:33,269 --> 00:28:35,262
The muezzin, how is he chosen?

481
00:28:35,425 --> 00:28:36,927
Do you hold auditions?

482
00:28:46,127 --> 00:28:47,828
There are auditions

483
00:28:47,889 --> 00:28:51,135
where they would listen to people
and the one who has the best voice

484
00:28:51,196 --> 00:28:52,468
will be given the position.

485
00:28:54,698 --> 00:28:59,591
Allahhhhhhhhhhu-Aqbar.

486
00:29:00,216 --> 00:29:01,060
How does that sound?

487
00:29:06,697 --> 00:29:07,590
You have to work on it.

488
00:29:07,770 --> 00:29:10,083
I have to work on it.
Okay, I get it.

489
00:29:11,583 --> 00:29:15,210
Mosques are designed to be
filled with beautiful sounds

490
00:29:15,337 --> 00:29:17,629
and images that
delight the senses,

491
00:29:19,435 --> 00:29:21,153
from elaborate architecture,

492
00:29:21,313 --> 00:29:24,733
to versus of the Quran, written
in the finest calligraphy.

493
00:29:25,860 --> 00:29:30,072
Many Muslims see this beauty as
a manifestation of God himself.

494
00:29:31,646 --> 00:29:34,369
Islam sees God in all
things that are beautiful,

495
00:29:35,203 --> 00:29:37,299
because God has not
physical form,

496
00:29:38,007 --> 00:29:40,715
he can be experienced anywhere
with any of the senses.

497
00:29:41,857 --> 00:29:45,117
But these experiences only
have an aspect of the divine,

498
00:29:46,583 --> 00:29:49,499
God is always more
than we can imagine.

499
00:29:52,001 --> 00:29:55,715
Across so many faiths around the
world, and throughout time,

500
00:29:56,054 --> 00:29:58,309
people have emulated the divine

501
00:29:58,517 --> 00:30:00,412
in the beauty of their temples,

502
00:30:01,055 --> 00:30:04,067
and glimpsed God in the
splendour of nature.

503
00:30:06,302 --> 00:30:09,458
But some faiths believe God
can take a physical form.

504
00:30:12,175 --> 00:30:14,807
And that form is a person.

505
00:30:18,515 --> 00:30:19,971
I'm in Shiprock, New Mexico

506
00:30:20,431 --> 00:30:22,337
in the heart of the
Navajo nation.

507
00:30:23,860 --> 00:30:27,699
I'm about to witness something
that few outsiders ever see,

508
00:30:28,431 --> 00:30:32,115
a sacred ceremony where
a God and a human

509
00:30:32,653 --> 00:30:34,641
become one single being.

510
00:30:44,980 --> 00:30:45,572
Welcome.

511
00:30:45,813 --> 00:30:48,115
Thank you, thank you, thank you.

512
00:30:48,176 --> 00:30:48,871
You're welcome.

513
00:30:48,932 --> 00:30:49,579
Hi, Morgan.

514
00:30:49,640 --> 00:30:50,256
How are you?

515
00:30:50,317 --> 00:30:51,494
We have something for you too.

516
00:30:51,596 --> 00:30:52,597
-Oh, you do?
-Yes.

517
00:30:55,258 --> 00:30:56,155
Look out!

518
00:30:58,455 --> 00:30:59,102
Thank you.

519
00:30:59,289 --> 00:31:00,159
You're welcome.

520
00:31:00,396 --> 00:31:02,461
-Now, where are we going now?
-We're going inside.

521
00:31:02,522 --> 00:31:03,574
-Are we?
-Yes.

522
00:31:03,635 --> 00:31:04,610
All right, I'll follow.

523
00:31:06,963 --> 00:31:11,213
Inside the traditional
Navajo ritual hut, or Hogan,

524
00:31:11,747 --> 00:31:15,733
the Peterson family is preparing
for their youngest daughter Maysun

525
00:31:16,270 --> 00:31:19,179
to pass from girlhood
to womanhood.

526
00:31:23,719 --> 00:31:25,995
By the end of the
four day long ritual,

527
00:31:26,302 --> 00:31:29,953
one of the Navajo deities
will be living inside her.

528
00:31:31,386 --> 00:31:32,820
Yeah, just like that,
and make a cone...

529
00:31:32,881 --> 00:31:33,322
Oh, yeah.

530
00:31:33,383 --> 00:31:34,613
Like a cone, like this.

531
00:31:34,674 --> 00:31:36,209
The core of the ceremony

532
00:31:36,486 --> 00:31:39,927
is the making of a giant corn
cake in honour of the sun.

533
00:31:39,988 --> 00:31:41,530
How big is the cake gonna be?

534
00:31:41,865 --> 00:31:43,395
-It's gonna be huge.
-Huge.

535
00:31:53,148 --> 00:31:54,173
Are you the fire tender?

536
00:31:54,343 --> 00:31:54,985
Yes.

537
00:31:55,251 --> 00:31:55,883
Okay.

538
00:31:56,820 --> 00:31:58,745
Maysun's older sister, Kayla

539
00:31:58,996 --> 00:32:01,396
went through this same
ritual four years ago,

540
00:32:01,875 --> 00:32:04,935
and learned about her
connection to the Navajo Gods,

541
00:32:05,339 --> 00:32:06,461
or holy people.

542
00:32:07,090 --> 00:32:07,783
Do me a favour,

543
00:32:09,470 --> 00:32:11,106
tell me about this ritual.

544
00:32:12,194 --> 00:32:14,912
So, it's referred to as,
the Kinaalda ceremony.

545
00:32:15,265 --> 00:32:15,871
Say that again.

546
00:32:15,932 --> 00:32:16,747
Kinaalda.

547
00:32:16,873 --> 00:32:17,598
Kinaalda.

548
00:32:17,976 --> 00:32:20,339
I had my ceremony
when I was about 12.

549
00:32:20,851 --> 00:32:22,899
And it's a puberty ceremony, so

550
00:32:23,145 --> 00:32:26,263
it actually originates
from changing woman who,

551
00:32:26,324 --> 00:32:27,989
we call her, Asdzaa nadleehi.

552
00:32:28,525 --> 00:32:29,780
Asdzaa nadleehi?

553
00:32:30,352 --> 00:32:31,326
Yes. How's that sound?

554
00:32:31,398 --> 00:32:32,283
Close. Pretty close.

555
00:32:32,357 --> 00:32:33,373
Asdzaa nadleehi

556
00:32:34,599 --> 00:32:37,351
The story originated
because they wanted

557
00:32:37,665 --> 00:32:39,831
changing woman to bear children.

558
00:32:40,217 --> 00:32:44,125
So, it all starts when
first woman and first man

559
00:32:44,491 --> 00:32:46,881
see a dark cloud come
over gobernador knob

560
00:32:48,077 --> 00:32:49,844
and they hear a baby crying.

561
00:33:07,586 --> 00:33:10,212
And him and first woman
were instructed to care

562
00:33:10,273 --> 00:33:11,955
for the baby by the holy people.

563
00:33:15,365 --> 00:33:16,994
So, within 12 days,

564
00:33:17,207 --> 00:33:19,595
she grew from an infant
into a 12-year-old girl.

565
00:33:20,163 --> 00:33:21,615
-In 12 days?
-Yes.

566
00:33:22,258 --> 00:33:23,629
She was ready to become a woman.

567
00:33:26,355 --> 00:33:27,481
To grow into a woman,

568
00:33:28,004 --> 00:33:31,344
Maysun must connect with the
divine spirit of changing woman,

569
00:33:31,703 --> 00:33:34,413
which the Navajo believe still
inhabits the landscape.

570
00:33:35,445 --> 00:33:39,057
Each day, she has to run
toward the rising sun.

571
00:33:39,514 --> 00:33:40,624
Do the young ladies

572
00:33:41,044 --> 00:33:43,099
always run east in the morning?

573
00:33:43,632 --> 00:33:46,863
Yes. So it goes back on the
story with changing woman,

574
00:33:46,923 --> 00:33:49,410
as she becomes a woman. When
she does bear children,

575
00:33:49,471 --> 00:33:50,497
it is with the sun.

576
00:33:57,347 --> 00:33:59,661
The holy people are
around us right now.

577
00:34:10,186 --> 00:34:11,968
This is an opportunity
for the ceremony

578
00:34:12,197 --> 00:34:15,462
where these prayers come
upon her and push on her.

579
00:34:15,985 --> 00:34:17,581
And it's all about her.

580
00:34:18,221 --> 00:34:20,743
Yes, yes, yes it is.

581
00:34:21,284 --> 00:34:23,644
So she gets all the prayers,

582
00:34:23,779 --> 00:34:25,534
and your hopes and
your dreams...

583
00:34:25,595 --> 00:34:26,997
And whatever it is
that you want for her.

584
00:34:27,058 --> 00:34:29,449
Just whatever positive you
can push into the cake

585
00:34:29,612 --> 00:34:32,429
and make sure that her life
is strong and complete,

586
00:34:32,490 --> 00:34:34,059
and that she knows that she has

587
00:34:34,494 --> 00:34:36,353
all these prayers that
will got with her.

588
00:34:36,414 --> 00:34:37,033
Go with her.

589
00:34:43,332 --> 00:34:46,155
As the corn cake begins
its slow overnight bake,

590
00:34:46,569 --> 00:34:49,482
Maysun begins the final
night of her Kinaalda.

591
00:34:50,306 --> 00:34:50,863
Tonight,

592
00:34:51,263 --> 00:34:54,055
she'll be joined with the
spirit of the Navajo

593
00:34:54,376 --> 00:34:55,549
deity, changing woman.

594
00:35:00,462 --> 00:35:03,729
She and her family will stay
in the Hogan until dawn,

595
00:35:04,100 --> 00:35:07,778
while the Navajo medicine
man sings sacred songs.

596
00:35:10,287 --> 00:35:12,023
Are all of these songs,

597
00:35:12,783 --> 00:35:14,498
prayers and blessings

598
00:35:15,180 --> 00:35:18,994
for the young girl?

599
00:35:19,109 --> 00:35:21,062
Yeah, these can help
her along the way,

600
00:35:21,245 --> 00:35:24,394
that she's already changing
into a young adult.

601
00:35:25,328 --> 00:35:27,511
So I just sing for them
at the Kinaalda, okay,

602
00:35:27,657 --> 00:35:28,959
to give them strength.

603
00:35:29,085 --> 00:35:30,553
It's what the run
is about, okay.

604
00:35:30,666 --> 00:35:32,103
With an endorsement,

605
00:35:32,417 --> 00:35:34,233
build the muscles,
and everything,

606
00:35:34,910 --> 00:35:37,319
so they will be changed
slowly into womanhood.

607
00:35:40,269 --> 00:35:42,276
There are many more songs
to be sung tonight,

608
00:35:42,894 --> 00:35:46,259
but hearing them all is
prohibited for outsiders like me.

609
00:35:47,623 --> 00:35:48,837
-Thank you.
-You're welcome.

610
00:35:50,826 --> 00:35:51,285
See you.

611
00:35:51,481 --> 00:35:52,262
We'll see you in a bit.

612
00:35:52,397 --> 00:35:52,935
Okay.

613
00:36:07,598 --> 00:36:08,578
At dawn,

614
00:36:08,911 --> 00:36:12,522
Maysun makes the final and
longest run of her Kinaalda.

615
00:36:41,851 --> 00:36:42,759
How are you feeling?

616
00:36:43,083 --> 00:36:44,620
I think I'm gonna pass out.

617
00:36:44,825 --> 00:36:45,642
You're gonna pass out?

618
00:36:45,702 --> 00:36:46,270
Yes.

619
00:36:46,363 --> 00:36:48,389
She's hot, she's gonna pass out.

620
00:36:48,450 --> 00:36:48,863
Yeah.

621
00:36:48,924 --> 00:36:50,395
I'm glad it's cold out here.

622
00:36:50,546 --> 00:36:52,676
Okay, you're glad it's cold.
Otherwise you would pass out, right?

623
00:36:52,737 --> 00:36:53,349
No.

624
00:36:54,378 --> 00:36:55,460
On this morning,

625
00:36:55,826 --> 00:36:59,349
the spirit of the Navajo deity
has moved inside Maysun

626
00:36:59,489 --> 00:37:01,636
and made her a holy person.

627
00:37:02,106 --> 00:37:03,420
Be proud, your cake is good.

628
00:37:03,949 --> 00:37:07,551
That means things are
gonna work out just fine.

629
00:37:07,663 --> 00:37:09,231
Right, right?

630
00:37:12,184 --> 00:37:15,719
The cake can only be eaten once
it's been blessed by Maysun.

631
00:37:17,238 --> 00:37:18,130
I can take a bite of it?

632
00:37:18,191 --> 00:37:18,752
Yeah,

633
00:37:20,312 --> 00:37:22,923
yeah, don't burn your tongue.

634
00:37:26,042 --> 00:37:28,263
Now that it's over,

635
00:37:29,203 --> 00:37:30,013
how do you feel?

636
00:37:31,177 --> 00:37:34,447
I feel like, I say
this, I'm just like,

637
00:37:34,798 --> 00:37:38,207
'mom, I survived, it
felt like boot camp!'

638
00:37:39,722 --> 00:37:40,233
Great.

639
00:37:40,763 --> 00:37:41,893
In the Kinaalda,

640
00:37:42,966 --> 00:37:46,188
Navajo girls have a personal
experience of the changing woman.

641
00:37:47,183 --> 00:37:48,647
One that can only be gained

642
00:37:48,961 --> 00:37:50,615
through rare moments of insight.

643
00:37:51,274 --> 00:37:56,555
She is the spirit that infuses
the entire Navajo landscape.

644
00:38:01,801 --> 00:38:04,704
If we believe that God
not only surrounds us,

645
00:38:05,190 --> 00:38:08,464
but also has the power
to move inside us...

646
00:38:12,568 --> 00:38:15,166
Can we, perhaps,
discover what God is

647
00:38:16,268 --> 00:38:18,936
by looking inside our minds?

648
00:38:21,017 --> 00:38:23,562
For thousands of
years, to many people,

649
00:38:24,074 --> 00:38:25,724
God has been invisible,

650
00:38:25,922 --> 00:38:29,241
intangible, a presence
believers can sense but

651
00:38:29,706 --> 00:38:31,314
not see or touch.

652
00:38:32,662 --> 00:38:35,471
But science may be
about to change that.

653
00:38:37,273 --> 00:38:38,982
I took a train to Philadelphia

654
00:38:40,016 --> 00:38:43,663
to meet a neuroscientist who
studies what happens in our brains

655
00:38:44,016 --> 00:38:46,362
when we have religious
experiences.

656
00:38:46,735 --> 00:38:50,395
I'm about to see whether I can
find the presence of God,

657
00:38:51,254 --> 00:38:52,110
in my brain.

658
00:39:00,016 --> 00:39:01,445
Doctor Andy Newberg

659
00:39:01,831 --> 00:39:06,721
is pioneering an new field of
study he calls, neurotheology.

660
00:39:07,816 --> 00:39:10,858
And I know that you have
done a lot of research

661
00:39:11,223 --> 00:39:12,909
on the brain,

662
00:39:14,029 --> 00:39:18,668
how the brain reacts to
say, spiritual meditation.

663
00:39:18,781 --> 00:39:20,720
Can you elaborate
on that for me?

664
00:39:21,398 --> 00:39:22,822
Well, certainly, you know,

665
00:39:22,883 --> 00:39:25,326
as we look at the brain, we
can see very substantial

666
00:39:25,387 --> 00:39:27,990
differences when people are
either religious or spiritual

667
00:39:28,317 --> 00:39:30,575
in their practices, when
they're trying to pray,

668
00:39:30,636 --> 00:39:32,037
meditate on God.

669
00:39:32,121 --> 00:39:34,193
You know, we can see
what's going on

670
00:39:34,385 --> 00:39:39,201
in us as we think about God,
experience God and pray to God,

671
00:39:39,262 --> 00:39:40,563
whatever the person is doing.

672
00:39:40,703 --> 00:39:44,035
So, you're looking for physical
manifestations of God?

673
00:39:44,326 --> 00:39:46,795
Yes, you are looking for
physical manifestations of God.

674
00:39:47,129 --> 00:39:50,667
Okay. So, I'm interested in
finding out if there is any

675
00:39:50,728 --> 00:39:54,362
manifestation of God
within me, in my brain.

676
00:39:54,550 --> 00:39:56,993
Right, we can take
a look at that.

677
00:39:57,173 --> 00:39:58,373
Come on. See if we can find it.

678
00:40:00,969 --> 00:40:02,037
Little pinch.

679
00:40:02,431 --> 00:40:02,940
Ow!

680
00:40:03,006 --> 00:40:03,657
I'm sorry.

681
00:40:03,720 --> 00:40:04,482
No, I'm kidding.

682
00:40:05,209 --> 00:40:08,926
The process begins with an
injection of radioactive dye.

683
00:40:09,452 --> 00:40:10,866
What happens if you drop that?

684
00:40:11,220 --> 00:40:13,812
Well, if we spill it on the floor,
we have to close that room,

685
00:40:13,873 --> 00:40:15,668
and evacuate everybody.

686
00:40:16,199 --> 00:40:18,182
-So, don't spill it, okay.
-Don't spill it.

687
00:40:19,096 --> 00:40:21,750
With the radioactive
tracer in my bloodstream,

688
00:40:21,830 --> 00:40:23,871
Andy can measure how
much blood flows

689
00:40:23,932 --> 00:40:25,739
through the various
parts of my brain.

690
00:40:26,523 --> 00:40:28,588
The more I'm using a
part of my brain,

691
00:40:28,649 --> 00:40:31,016
the more radioactive dye
it will accumulate.

692
00:40:31,827 --> 00:40:35,071
I already did a baseline scan
while I was just resting

693
00:40:35,132 --> 00:40:36,659
with my eyes closed.

694
00:40:37,480 --> 00:40:40,456
Now, I'm attempting to
meditate on the divine

695
00:40:40,596 --> 00:40:42,658
to see whether anything changes.

696
00:40:44,182 --> 00:40:45,648
It's time to start
focusing on your breath.

697
00:40:45,822 --> 00:40:46,348
All right.

698
00:40:46,409 --> 00:40:48,499
Now, just try to get in as
good a state as you can,

699
00:40:48,714 --> 00:40:51,038
focusing on the breath, just
trying to really bring really deep

700
00:40:51,106 --> 00:40:52,918
concentration to it. I
think that'll be great.

701
00:40:52,979 --> 00:40:53,742
So shall I start now?

702
00:40:53,803 --> 00:40:54,869
You can go ahead and start now.

703
00:40:54,930 --> 00:40:55,471
Okay.

704
00:41:33,870 --> 00:41:34,487
Okay,

705
00:41:36,186 --> 00:41:37,411
you can finish the meditation.

706
00:41:39,088 --> 00:41:39,752
How did it go?

707
00:41:41,356 --> 00:41:42,980
Fine, how long was that?

708
00:41:43,286 --> 00:41:45,776
It was about 11 or 12 minutes.

709
00:41:48,751 --> 00:41:52,023
Before the radioactive tracer
flushes out of my system...

710
00:41:52,084 --> 00:41:53,395
So you'll be on your back.

711
00:41:53,456 --> 00:41:56,474
I have to quickly climb
into this 3D scanner

712
00:41:57,103 --> 00:42:00,026
and see whether my
brain has changed

713
00:42:00,533 --> 00:42:02,580
because I mediated on God.

714
00:42:13,923 --> 00:42:14,512
All right.

715
00:42:14,717 --> 00:42:16,816
Well, look at that, two
eyes, a nose and the mouth.

716
00:42:18,041 --> 00:42:21,320
Well, but to me, it looks like
you're smiling a little bit.

717
00:42:25,902 --> 00:42:28,890
What do you see or
do you see anything?

718
00:42:29,739 --> 00:42:31,582
So these are your two
scans side-by-side.

719
00:42:31,808 --> 00:42:34,284
Here's your resting scan.
Here's the meditation scan.

720
00:42:34,650 --> 00:42:37,009
And you can see, if you look
at the frontal lobes here,

721
00:42:37,339 --> 00:42:39,432
it's mostly yellow, just
a little bit of red,

722
00:42:39,579 --> 00:42:41,716
whereas, if you look
during your meditation,

723
00:42:41,777 --> 00:42:43,990
the whole frontal lobe just
kind of has blossomed.

724
00:42:44,413 --> 00:42:46,495
So, if you are concentrating
on something,

725
00:42:46,556 --> 00:42:49,232
if you're saying a prayer, or
if you're focusing on God,

726
00:42:49,292 --> 00:42:50,743
if you're trying to
connect with God,

727
00:42:50,919 --> 00:42:54,355
then you tend to increase the
activity in the frontal lobes.

728
00:42:54,697 --> 00:42:56,719
How do I compare with say,

729
00:42:57,060 --> 00:42:58,370
a nun praying,

730
00:42:58,967 --> 00:43:00,924
or, let's say, a Buddhist monk

731
00:43:01,517 --> 00:43:02,634
who is meditating,

732
00:43:02,978 --> 00:43:04,528
do I compare at all?

733
00:43:04,596 --> 00:43:07,496
As with the nuns who
were concentrating on

734
00:43:07,557 --> 00:43:11,188
a prayer, the Buddhists who
were focusing on an image,

735
00:43:11,414 --> 00:43:13,446
they all activated
their frontal lobes.

736
00:43:13,796 --> 00:43:15,638
And that's exactly
what you did too.

737
00:43:15,798 --> 00:43:17,902
And if I was contemplating
the image of God,

738
00:43:17,963 --> 00:43:19,078
could you tell the difference?

739
00:43:19,661 --> 00:43:21,195
We actually scanned an atheist,

740
00:43:21,676 --> 00:43:24,175
who was a very good
meditator, and we asked him

741
00:43:24,509 --> 00:43:27,171
to concentrate on God,
to meditate on God

742
00:43:27,305 --> 00:43:29,799
and he wasn't able to activate
his frontal lobes very much.

743
00:43:29,873 --> 00:43:31,448
So, in fact, if anything,
as you can see...

744
00:43:31,509 --> 00:43:32,144
It went down a bit.

745
00:43:32,205 --> 00:43:32,975
It's sort of decreased
a little bit.

746
00:43:33,036 --> 00:43:34,813
Yeah, so, even though they said,

747
00:43:34,874 --> 00:43:37,420
'yeah, I'm concentrating; I'm
trying to contemplate God,'

748
00:43:37,481 --> 00:43:39,971
they just were not able to do
a very good job of doing it,

749
00:43:40,032 --> 00:43:41,842
'cause they didn't
really believe it.

750
00:43:42,093 --> 00:43:44,316
So, I think, part of
what that told me

751
00:43:44,476 --> 00:43:48,824
is that regardless of
what our practice is,

752
00:43:49,053 --> 00:43:50,928
the key is, 'do you believe it?'

753
00:43:50,989 --> 00:43:51,779
Do you buy into it?

754
00:43:51,840 --> 00:43:53,007
'Is it important to you?'

755
00:43:53,202 --> 00:43:55,277
It's amazing that somebody
came up with the idea

756
00:43:55,338 --> 00:43:58,149
that you could shoot somebody
full of radioactive drugs

757
00:43:58,409 --> 00:43:59,521
and look at their brain.

758
00:43:59,582 --> 00:44:01,742
The brain is just so
unbelievably complex

759
00:44:01,803 --> 00:44:03,866
that it's not that
there's one God spot,

760
00:44:03,927 --> 00:44:05,359
or one God part of the brain,

761
00:44:05,420 --> 00:44:07,795
but it seems to be the whole
brain that gets involved.

762
00:44:08,003 --> 00:44:10,033
And, ultimately,
these change the way

763
00:44:10,349 --> 00:44:11,912
you think and feel
about the world.

764
00:44:15,445 --> 00:44:16,614
So, apparently,

765
00:44:17,373 --> 00:44:21,428
it is possible to see
physical manifestations

766
00:44:21,489 --> 00:44:23,431
of God inside us.

767
00:44:24,387 --> 00:44:26,295
Whether you're
Christian, Buddhist,

768
00:44:26,475 --> 00:44:28,478
or any kind of spiritual person,

769
00:44:29,325 --> 00:44:32,997
experiencing the divine
actually changes the brain,

770
00:44:33,802 --> 00:44:35,856
changes the way
we see the world.

771
00:44:37,301 --> 00:44:38,432
That's really something.

772
00:44:41,704 --> 00:44:45,810
The evidence that experiencing
God changes us on the inside

773
00:44:47,512 --> 00:44:49,637
will come as no
surprise to believers,

774
00:44:52,534 --> 00:44:55,305
including the people at
Lakewood Church in Houston.

775
00:45:00,223 --> 00:45:03,172
I've come to see how
10,000 Christians

776
00:45:03,279 --> 00:45:07,695
can all have a meaningful, personal
experience with their God.

777
00:45:15,770 --> 00:45:17,745
The pastors of this mega-church,

778
00:45:18,119 --> 00:45:20,057
Joel and Victoria Osteen,

779
00:45:20,517 --> 00:45:23,605
have agreed to meet with me
before the service begins,

780
00:45:24,046 --> 00:45:25,891
and let me in on
their philosophy.

781
00:45:27,983 --> 00:45:30,909
I wanna leave them something that
they can use this afternoon.

782
00:45:31,267 --> 00:45:35,617
So, I don't do a lotta doctrine
and, you know, I go practical.

783
00:45:35,678 --> 00:45:38,163
Today, I'm talking about, you
know, using what God's given you.

784
00:45:38,224 --> 00:45:39,532
And so, when you
leave, you'll say,

785
00:45:39,593 --> 00:45:41,723
'you know what, it was worth
me going to church today.'

786
00:45:41,944 --> 00:45:43,175
Let me ask you, can we pray?

787
00:45:43,236 --> 00:45:44,681
We got about one minute, and
we're gonna pop out there.

788
00:45:44,742 --> 00:45:46,174
So, I'm just gonna pray,
okay, yeah, look,

789
00:45:46,235 --> 00:45:47,514
will you pray with us, Morgan?

790
00:45:47,616 --> 00:45:50,289
Thank you for this day. And lord,
all the people that have come out

791
00:45:50,350 --> 00:45:52,027
and many who are gonna
watch on television and

792
00:45:52,101 --> 00:45:53,849
listen on the radio, and
we just ask you that you

793
00:45:53,910 --> 00:45:55,351
give us the words to speak.

794
00:45:55,411 --> 00:45:58,399
That every person would feel
your presence, your power,

795
00:45:58,606 --> 00:46:01,574
that they'd feel encouragement
and hope, and inspiration.

796
00:46:01,635 --> 00:46:04,493
That you'd know that you have
them in the palm of your hand.

797
00:46:04,754 --> 00:46:06,627
I just ask you, father
for a great service

798
00:46:06,988 --> 00:46:07,973
in Jesus' name...

799
00:46:08,034 --> 00:46:08,710
Amen.

800
00:46:09,152 --> 00:46:09,830
Amen.

801
00:46:10,287 --> 00:46:11,595
Thank you, very
honoured to have you.

802
00:46:11,661 --> 00:46:12,735
Thank you, I'm very
honoured to be here.

803
00:46:12,796 --> 00:46:13,731
We'll catch you afterwards.

804
00:46:13,824 --> 00:46:14,493
You gotta watch it.

805
00:46:15,431 --> 00:46:17,273
You'll be dancing
before you know it.

806
00:46:18,547 --> 00:46:20,325
It doesn't much to
get me started.

807
00:46:50,687 --> 00:46:53,019
Yes, it is good to be in
the house of the Lord

808
00:46:53,080 --> 00:46:55,636
and I am excited to be
here today, with you!

809
00:46:57,033 --> 00:46:58,981
See, we were designed

810
00:46:59,261 --> 00:47:00,708
to function at our best

811
00:47:00,913 --> 00:47:03,537
when we are connected to God.

812
00:47:03,846 --> 00:47:06,509
You've got power on the
inside, you can rely on.

813
00:47:08,978 --> 00:47:12,127
Don't live life in
neutral, not passionate,

814
00:47:12,188 --> 00:47:14,240
not intentional, not focused,

815
00:47:14,643 --> 00:47:16,748
stir up what God's given you.

816
00:47:17,460 --> 00:47:19,584
Dare to take those
steps of faith.

817
00:47:20,570 --> 00:47:21,978
I'm gonna ask a
flat out question,

818
00:47:22,458 --> 00:47:23,232
who is God?

819
00:47:23,466 --> 00:47:26,394
I believe God is our
father, the creator,

820
00:47:26,702 --> 00:47:29,021
somebody that gives us
purpose and destiny.

821
00:47:29,172 --> 00:47:30,880
Well, sometimes it's
hard for people to say,

822
00:47:31,097 --> 00:47:33,134
'how can I believe in
something I can't see?'

823
00:47:33,242 --> 00:47:35,118
But it's what you choose
to believe through faith.

824
00:47:35,511 --> 00:47:38,361
It's what you choose to
believe through faith.

825
00:47:39,898 --> 00:47:41,355
When Jesus came, he said,

826
00:47:41,416 --> 00:47:43,262
'look, I want you
to come to me.'

827
00:47:43,482 --> 00:47:44,506
So I tell people,

828
00:47:44,787 --> 00:47:46,360
'you can talk to God
all through the day,'

829
00:47:46,421 --> 00:47:47,837
like you talk to your friend.

830
00:47:47,898 --> 00:47:49,125
In your thoughts, you can say,

831
00:47:49,186 --> 00:47:51,634
'God, you know, thank
you for this day.'

832
00:47:51,694 --> 00:47:54,504
I think, that God can be
as involved in your life

833
00:47:54,564 --> 00:47:55,872
as much as you want him to be.

834
00:47:55,932 --> 00:47:57,840
So that's what we try
to teach people,

835
00:47:58,088 --> 00:48:00,159
to get God out of your
Sunday morning box.

836
00:48:00,770 --> 00:48:03,437
God has been a lot of
things to a lot of people

837
00:48:04,289 --> 00:48:05,381
and now,

838
00:48:05,879 --> 00:48:08,223
here, you're making God

839
00:48:09,990 --> 00:48:10,485
personal.

840
00:48:10,876 --> 00:48:11,309
Yes.

841
00:48:11,662 --> 00:48:12,514
Approachable...

842
00:48:12,587 --> 00:48:13,155
Yes.

843
00:48:13,368 --> 00:48:15,503
And, helpful.

844
00:48:15,731 --> 00:48:16,540
Yes, that's right.

845
00:48:18,214 --> 00:48:19,881
The life of God

846
00:48:20,148 --> 00:48:21,665
lives and dwells in us.

847
00:48:22,024 --> 00:48:23,788
And it's a spiritual life.

848
00:48:24,046 --> 00:48:27,896
It's your spiritual power
on the inside of you.

849
00:48:28,271 --> 00:48:30,801
And that is what we
need to tap into.

850
00:48:39,375 --> 00:48:40,557
That was quite a show.

851
00:48:41,437 --> 00:48:43,684
Maybe 10,000 people worshipping,

852
00:48:44,416 --> 00:48:45,224
celebrating,

853
00:48:46,076 --> 00:48:49,119
each of them having his own
personal experience with God.

854
00:48:49,986 --> 00:48:50,889
This is clearly

855
00:48:51,877 --> 00:48:53,630
a faith in the God in you.

856
00:48:55,291 --> 00:48:56,457
Your inspiration,

857
00:48:57,410 --> 00:48:58,374
your power.

858
00:49:02,538 --> 00:49:05,217
God is so many things
to so many people.

859
00:49:08,571 --> 00:49:10,089
The warm light of the sun.

860
00:49:13,776 --> 00:49:15,291
The sound of sweet music.

861
00:49:17,606 --> 00:49:19,838
An inner voice that
drives us forward.

862
00:49:21,411 --> 00:49:22,097
A friend.

863
00:49:24,667 --> 00:49:26,550
If you ask me who God is,

864
00:49:27,230 --> 00:49:29,941
I would say, there's a bit
of the divine in all of us.

865
00:49:30,894 --> 00:49:33,211
There's God in you,
there's God in me.

866
00:49:34,564 --> 00:49:40,617
The God in me is who I
really am, at my core.

867
00:49:42,371 --> 00:49:46,710
The God in me is the
best version of me.

868
00:49:48,411 --> 00:49:52,205
The God in me is who
I strive to be.

869
00:49:53,442 --> 00:49:55,366
Who I was meant to be.
